Allan Griff, katswiri wopanga mankhwala, wolemba nkhani wa PlasticsToday, komanso wodzinenera kuti ndi wowona, adapeza nkhani mu MIT News yodzaza zabodza zasayansi. Amagawana maganizo ake.
MIT News idanditumizira lipoti la kafukufuku wokhudza zeolite, mchere wa porous womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga propane kuchokera ku zinyalala (zobwezerezedwanso) ma polyolefin okhala ndi cobalt chothandizira. Ndinadabwa ndi momwe nkhaniyi inaliri yolakwika komanso yosocheretsa, makamaka poganizira chiyambi chake ku MIT.
Porous zeolite amadziwika bwino. Ngati ofufuza angagwiritse ntchito kukula kwa pore kuti apange mamolekyu atatu a carbon (propane), ndizofunika kwambiri. Koma zimafunsa funso la kuchuluka kwa mpweya wa 1 (methane) ndi 2-carbon (ethane) ndi zomwe mumachita nawo.
Nkhaniyi ikutanthauzanso kuti ma polyolefin omwe amatha kubwezeretsedwanso ndi zinthu zopanda ntchito, zomwe ndi zolakwika chifukwa sizowopsa mu mawonekedwe awo olimba - amphamvu kwambiri a CC, maunyolo aatali, otsika reactivity. Ndingade nkhawa kwambiri ndi kawopsedwe ka cobalt kuposa mapulasitiki.
Poizoni wa mapulasitiki olimba ndi chithunzi chodziwika bwino chozikidwa pa kufunikira kwaumunthu kukana sayansi kuti tikhoze kukhulupirira zosatheka, zomwe zimabwerera ku zotonthoza za ubwana pamene palibe chomwe chingafotokoze.
Nkhaniyi imasakaniza PET ndi PE ndipo ikuphatikizanso chojambula (pamwambapa) cha botolo la soda, lomwe limapangidwa kuchokera ku PET, mankhwala osiyana kwambiri ndi ma polyolefin ndipo adasinthidwa kale. Osati zopanda pake, chifukwa zimakondweretsa anthu omwe amawona mabotolo ambiri apulasitiki ndikuganiza kuti mapulasitiki onse ndi ovulaza.
Chojambulachi chikusocheretsanso chifukwa chikuwonetsa chakudya cha pulasitiki (onunkhira) pulasitiki komanso kupanga propylene, osati propane. Propylene ikhoza kukhala yamtengo wapatali kuposa propane ndipo safuna ma haidrojeni owonjezera. Chojambulachi chikuwonetsanso kupanga methane, yomwe sikufunika, makamaka mumlengalenga.
Nkhaniyi ikunena kuti chuma chopanga propane ndikugulitsa ndikulonjeza, koma olembawo sapereka ndalama kapena ntchito kapena zogulitsa / mtengo. Ndipo palibe chilichonse pazofunikira zamagetsi mu ma kilowatt-maola, zomwe zingapangitse kuti ntchitoyi ikhale yosasangalatsa kwa anthu ambiri okonda zachilengedwe. Muyenera kuthyola zambiri zomangira zamphamvu za CC kuti muthyole unyolo wa polima, cholakwika choyambirira pakubwezeretsanso kwamankhwala apamwamba kwambiri kupatulapo pyrolysis.
Pomaliza, kapena poyamba, nkhaniyi imakopa chithunzi chodziwika bwino cha mapulasitiki mwa anthu (ndi nsomba), kunyalanyaza kusatheka kwa chimbudzi kapena kufalikira. Tinthu tating'ono ting'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tomwe sitingathe kuloŵa m'matumbo a m'matumbo, kenako timazungulira ndi ma capillaries. Ndipo ndizofunika bwanji, monga ndimanena nthawi zambiri. Ukoka wotayidwa ungakhale wovulaza kwa zamoyo za m’madzi, koma n’chimodzimodzinso kugwira nsomba ndi kuzidya.
Komabe, anthu ambiri amafunabe kukhulupirira kuti mapulasitiki ang'onoang'ono ali mkati mwathu kuti athandizire kufunikira kwawo kukana sayansi, zomwe zimawalepheretsa kutonthoza zozizwitsa. Amafulumira kunena kuti pulasitiki ndi poizoni chifukwa ndi:
●zachilendo (koma zivomezi ndi mavairasi ndi zachilengedwe);
● mankhwala (koma chirichonse chimapangidwa ndi mankhwala, kuphatikizapo madzi, mpweya, ndi ife);
● osinthika (komanso nyengo ndi matupi athu);
● zopangidwa (komanso mankhwala ndi zakudya zambiri);
●makampani (koma mabungwe ndi ochita kupanga ndipo amatsitsa mitengo ikayendetsedwa moyenera).
Chomwe timachita mantha ndi ife eni - kutengera anthu.
Sikuti ndi anthu osagwirizana ndi sayansi okha amene amaganiza motere. Makampani athu omwe akupanga ndalama kuti athetse "kuipitsa kwa pulasitiki" monga momwe andale amaonera molondola ngati kuti akuchita zomwe ovota akufuna.
Zinyalala ndi vuto losiyana ndi kuipitsa, ndipo makampani athu apulasitiki angathe ndipo ayenera kuchepetsa kutayika kwake. Koma tisaiwale kuti mapulasitiki amathandiza kuchepetsa zinyalala zina - chakudya, mphamvu, madzi - ndi kuteteza tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi matenda, koma palibe.
Mapulasitiki alibe vuto lililonse koma anthu amafuna kuti akhale oipa? Inde, ndipo tsopano mwina mukuwona chifukwa chake.
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-09-2022